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Full reference set cited on this site, grouped by section. Each entry keeps its original citation formatting.

CVD

  1. 1Docter-Loeb H. Heart disease remains the top cause of death in the U.S. The Washington Post. February 24, 2025. Accessed June 17, 2026. View source ↗
  2. 2American Heart Association. Heart disease remains leading cause of death as key health risk factors continue to rise. News release. January 26, 2025. Accessed June 17, 2026. View source ↗
  3. 3Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Heart disease facts. October 24, 2024. Accessed June 17, 2026. View source ↗
  4. 4Ohio Cardiovascular and Diabetes Health Collaborative (Cardi-OH). Current 51 — Heart disease remains leading cause of death in U.S. June 29, 2025. Accessed June 17, 2026. View source ↗
  5. 5Martin SS, Aday AW, Allen NB, et al. 2025 heart disease and stroke statistics: a report of US and global data from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2025;151(8):e41-e660. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000001303 View source ↗
  6. 6Kazi DS, Elkind MSV, Deutsch A, et al. Forecasting the economic burden of cardiovascular disease and stroke in the United States through 2050: a presidential advisory from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2024;150(4):e89-e101. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000001258 View source ↗
  7. 7Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE). Report to Congress — the burden of cardiovascular disease in the United States: patterns and barriers to care. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. September 11, 2024. Accessed June 17, 2026. View source ↗

CABG

  1. 1Puskas JD, Williams WH, O'Donnell R, et al. Off-pump and on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting are associated with similar graft patency, myocardial ischemia, and freedom from reintervention: long-term follow-up of a randomized trial. Ann Thorac Surg. 2011;91(6):1836-1843. doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2010.12.043 View source ↗
  2. 2Ushioda R, Hirofuji A, Yoongtong D, et al. Assessing the benefits of anaortic off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2024;11:01-09. doi:10.3389/fcvm.2024.1393921 View source ↗
  3. 3Plonek T, Mendyka D, Halfwerk FR. No-touch aorta off-pump LIMA-radial artery Y-graft CABG as a safe strategy for all-comers: long-term survival. J Clin Med. 2025;14(14):4878. doi:10.3390/jcm14144878 View source ↗
  4. 4Schwann TA, Habib RH, Gaudino MF, et al. Comparative effectiveness of multi-arterial coronary artery bypass grafting: BITA, SITA + RA, BITA + RA. Presented at: Society of Thoracic Surgeons 2026 Annual Meeting; January 29–February 1, 2026; New Orleans, LA. View source ↗
  5. 5Momin A, Ranjan R, Valencia O, et al. Long term survival benefits of different conduits used in coronary artery bypass graft surgery — a single institutional practice over 20 years. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2024;17:1505-1512. doi:10.2147/JMDH.S461567 View source ↗
  6. 6Cremer J, Schoettler J, Thiem A, Grothusen C, Hoffmann G. The MIDCAB approach in its various dimensions. HSR Proc Intensive Care Cardiovasc Anesth. 2011;3(4):249-253. View source ↗
  7. 7Ishikawa N, Watanabe G, Tomita S, et al. Robot-assisted minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting: ThoraCAB. Circ J. 2014;78(2):399-402. doi:10.1253/circj.cj-13-1115 View source ↗
  8. 8Une D, Lapierre H, Sohmer B, Rai V, Ruel M. Can minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting be initiated and practiced safely?: a learning curve analysis. Innov Technol Tech Cardiothorac Vasc Surg. 2013;8(6):403-409. doi:10.1097/IMI.0000000000000019 View source ↗
  9. 9Loop FD, Lytle BW, Cosgrove DM, et al. Influence of the internal-mammary-artery graft on 10-year survival and other cardiac events. N Engl J Med. 1986;314(1):1-6. doi:10.1056/NEJM198601023140101 View source ↗
  10. 10Gaudino M, Benedetto U, Fremes S, et al. Radial-artery or saphenous-vein grafts in coronary-artery bypass surgery. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(22):2069-2077. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1716026 View source ↗